1. The ABC of National Liberation Movements
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 1969
   A war is politics continued by other, that is forcible, means. Our attitude toward a war must be congruent with our attitude toward the politics of which it is the continuation. This determines our principled position on the question of whether to support or oppose a given war - not primarily our opinion of the men, the government or the class leading the war, not our opinion of their past or present crimes. The latter considerations will be very relevant to how we support or oppose a war, but not to whether we do.
2. The Abolition of the State
   Anarchist & Marxist Perspectives
   Resource Type: Book
   First Published: 2007
   Both Anarchists and Marxists believe that it will be possible to do away with the state. But what do they mean by that? What is the state, after all? What institutions, if any, would be necessary to replace its functions? Would a transitional “dictatorship of the proletariat” be needed or will it be possible to immediately abolish the state? Does modern technology require a centralized institution such as the state? Throughout the history of revolutions, the people have created workplace councils and neighborhood assemblies--how could these replace the state?
3. Advanced Capitalism and the Revolutionary Left
   Towards a New Practice
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 1973
   The programme of the Winnipeg Labour Collective, its understanding of socialism's past forms and its conception of socialism's future.
4. Against the Current
   Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
   First Published: 1986
   Bi-monthly magazine oriented toward movements for social and economic justice; radical, socialist and feminist in orientation.
5. American Revolutionary 
   The Evolution of Grace Lee Boggs
   Resource Type: Film/Video
   First Published: 2014
   A documentary about the ideas and activism of 98-year-old Grace Lee Boggs, covering her lifetime of vital thinking and action, traversing the major U.S. social movements of the last century; from labour to civil rights, to Black Power, feminism, the Asian American and environmental justice movements and beyond. Boggs’s constantly evolving strategy -- her willingness to re-evaluate and change tactics in relation to the world shifting around her -- drives the story forward.
6. An Analysis of 12F
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 2014
   A discussion of the events, factors, and actors involved in the protests, deaths, injuries, and arrests in Caracas on Venezuela's annual 'Youth Day'.
7. Anarchism
   A Documentary History of Libertarian Ideas
   Resource Type: Book
   
8. Anarchism & Socialism
   Reformism or Revolution?
   Resource Type: Book
   First Published: 2010
   In these essays grouped around common themes, Wayne Price draws on decades of extensive practical experience in antiwar and student movements, marxist tendency groups and affinity-based anarchist organizations, to make an insightful case for "pro-organizational," class-struggle anarchism.
9. Anarchism vs. Marxism: A few notes on an old theme 
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 1978
   Anarchist critiques of Marxism typically reveal a lack of knowledge of what Karl Marx actually wrote, resulting in sterile denunciations of a straw-man opponent.
10. The Anarchists
    The men who shocked an era
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1971
    The history and ideology of anarchism.
11. Anarcho-syndicalism
    Connexipedia Article
    Resource Type: Article
    
12. Anarkismo.net
    Resource Type: Website
    Mulitlingual site featuring news and analysis from an anarchist-communist perspective.
    
13. Anatomy of the Micro-Sect
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1973
    Is there an alternative to the sect mode of organization which dominates the whole history of American socialism, past and present?
14. An Anti-Capitalist Manifesto 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 2003
    An extended argument about what the anti-capitalist movement should stand for.
15. Arms and the Woman
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1975   Published: 1980
    The modern revolutionary movement must destroy this opposition of pleasure-activity, sensitivity-lucidity, conception-execution, habit-innovation.
16. As We Don't See It 
    Resource Type: Article
    A clarification of Solidarity London's 1968 pamphlet, "As We See It." Distinction is placed between real socialism and the "exploitative privileged minorities" who controll(ed) the USSR and China, as well as the importance of controlling the means of production.
17. Australia: Socialist Alliance's 'International Political Perspectives' Resolution
    
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2014
    Resolutions adopted by the 10th National Conference of the Socialist Alliance, June 7-9, 2014.
18. Autonomous Struggles and the Capitalist Crisis
    A Workers' Autonomy Pamphlet
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1974
    A Canadian pamphlet with English translations of three articles originating with the Italian autonomist Marxist organization Lotta Continua.
19. Autonomy & Solidarity
    Resource Type: Website
    An on-line network for anti-capitalists who believe that revolutionary transformation will come from workers and oppressed people self-organizing from below and not from the top down organizing of any state, party or union bureaucracy.
20. Becoming a Revolutionary
    Against The Current vol. 133
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2008
    Against the Current: Which events of 1968 were you involved in? How did that event/those events affect you personally and politically at the time?
21. "Before all else a revolutionist": Marx and the Question of Strategy 
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2018
    If we begin listening to the voices of those he conversed with, we can stop seeing Marx as the source of infinite quotes and begin to view him instead as a comrade on a common path – a path that he walked before us, always in conversation, and often in dispute, with many of his contemporaries.
22. Book Review: "Anarchism & Socialism: Reformism or Revolution?" by Wayne Price
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2010
    
23. Break Their Haughty Power 
    Resource Type: Website
    Articles on capitalism, socialism, and revolution, from a left-Marxist perspective.
    
24. The brief summer of anarchy: the life and death of Durruti
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2016
    Hans Magnus Enzensberger’s non-fiction "adventure novel" about Buenaventura Durruti and the Spanish anarchist movement (ca. 1917-1937), first published in Germany in 1972, consisting of a more or less chronological “collage” of "translated, abridged and rearranged" excerpts from "reports and speeches, interviews and proclamations … letters, travel narratives, anecdotes, pamphlets, polemics, newspaper articles, autobiographical texts, flyers and propaganda leaflets" (including extensive selections from the eyewitness accounts of Simone Weil, Ilya Ehrenburg, H. E. Kaminski, Mikhail Koltsov, Ricardo Sanz and Jesús Arnal Pena), punctuated by the author's "Commentaries".
25. Brinton, Maurier - Writings - Index
    Resource Type: Article
    Writings of Maurice Brinton (1923-2005).
26. Build It Now
    Socialism for the Twenty-First Century
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 2006
    Influenced by the dramatic proeesses unfolding in Venezuela, Lebowitz re-imagines a socialism for the twenty-first century that places workers and popular communities at the centre of the project.
27. Bureau of Public Secrets 
    Resource Type: Website
    Articles from a Situationist perspective.
28. The Caribbean Left's Legacy
    Against The Current vol. 112
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2004
    Sara Abraham interviews Eusi Kwayana of The Working People's Alliance (WPA) in Guyana. The WPA continued to organize and build its ranks through a democratic socialist multi racial agenda, but has continuously been marginalized by the two party system, wining only one or two seats in each election.
29. The Case For Revolutionary Socialism
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2003
    In my view, the movement for another world is committed to four main values – justice, efficiency, democracy, and sustainability.
30. Class Composition and the Theory of the Party at the Origin of the Workers-Councils Movement
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1972
    Re-examines a crucial segment of labour history, the German workers' council experience, which bridges the classical socialist phase of the Second and Third Internationals, and the post-Keynesian period.
31. Climate change: It's going to take a revolution 
    Resource Type: Film
    First Published: 2015
    A new video by Suhail Ilyas: The growing strength of the climate movement around the world gives us great hope, but it's going to take a revolution to make the world inhabitable for future generations.
32. C.L.R. James' Visionary Legacy
    Against The Current vol. 156
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2012
    In order to understand the connection between Black History Month and revolution, we must explode the stifling separation between art and everyday life that bourgeois society everywhere seeks to impose on us.
33. Collective Reinventions
    Resource Type: Website
    Focusing on contemporary social movements in Mexico.
    
34. The Communist Manifesto 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1848
    Written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels as the theoretical and practical platform of the Communist League, a workers' association.
    
35. Connexions Digest
    Issue 50 - December 1989 - A Social Change Sourcebook
    Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
    First Published: 1989
    
36. Connexions Library: Organizing Focus Page 
    Resource Type: Website
    Selected articles from the Connexions Online Library.
37. Crisis and Coup in Ecuador
    Against The Current vol. 87
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2000
    On January 21, 2000, for the first time since the Spanish conquest of Ecuador in A.D. 1533-34, indigenous people briefly -- very briefly -- ruled the country as part of a triumvirate. Frustrated by over a decade of economic problems, corruption and political stalemates over indigenous rights and land disputes, thousands of indigenous protesters and members of popular movements converged on Quito, the country's capital. On the 21st, hundreds of protesters occupied Congress and proclaimed a People's Parliament.
38. Critique of the Gotha Programme 
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1875
    Karl Marx's criticisms of the programme adopted by congress to unite the two German socialist parties in 1875.
39. The Death of the State in Marx and Engels 
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1970
    Surveys the thinking of Marx and Engels on the 'dying-away' of the state in socialist (communist) society.
    
40. Decaying social order shows need for philosophy, revolution
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2015
    Draft for Marxist-Humanist Perspectives, 2015-2016.
41. Democracy Against Politics
    Against The Current vol. 136
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2008
    “¡Que se vayan todos!” shouted rebellious crowds during the Argentine economic crisis of 2001, “Out with them all!” The call soon spread throughout Latin America: for a new politics without politicians and a new society without social elites. Many radicals have been inspired by the movements that seemed to rise with so much energy and idealism from this foundational fire. Others have been quick to criticize the inadequacy of movements which seem to have forgotten that economic exploitation is more fundamental than political oppression, and that exploitation is held up by political power which must be seized rather than ignored.
42. Democracy is in the Streets 
    From Port Huron to the Siege of Chicago
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1987
    A thoughtful and evocative history of the American New Left in the 1960's, looking critically but sympathetically at the struggles and passions of that period.
43. Diemer, Ulli
    Connexipedia Article
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2010
    Canadian socialist publisher, writer, and archivist.
44. Does Revolution Make Sense?
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1998
    Fighting for revolution allows and demands that we abandon petty concerns and narrow issues and think big. Revolution forces us to try to understand the whole world and to imagine a new one. As we explore the inter-relatedness of the problems which we face, we can begin to understand all the many human interconnections which will provide the solution. A truly revolutionary movement will touch people's deepest desires and encompass their highest dreams.
45. The Double Tragedy of Che Cuevara
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1967
    To prepare themselves for the uphill struggle on two fronts it becomes necessary to also have a clear head, that is to say, a revolutionary theory, fully integrated with the self-activity of the masses. It is for this reason that we must not blind ourselves to the double tragedy of Guevara's death. Bravely he lived and bravely he died, but he did not do in Bolivia what he had done in Cuba: relate himself to the masses. Guevara's isolation from the mass movement arose from a certain concept of guerrilla warfare as a substitute for social revolution.
46. Drawing the Line
    A pamphlet
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1946   Published: 1962
    
47. Dual power
    Connexipedia Article
    Resource Type: Article
    A concept first articulated in an article by Lenin, "The Dual Power," (dvoevlastie) which described a situation in the wake of the February Revolution in which two powers, the workers councils (or Soviets, particularly the Petrograd Soviet) and the official state apparatus of the Provisional Government coexisted with each other and competed for legitimacy.
48. Easily Led
    A History of Propaganda
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1999
    From Ancient Sumer to modern Poland, Thomson traces the use of propaganda and its influence on human events.
49. Egypt at the tipping point?
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2011
    
50. Either Or
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1916
    It is a question of either-or! Either we nakedly and shamelessly betray the International or we take the International in deadly seriousness and attempt to extend it into a firm stronghold, a bulwark, of the international socialist proletariat and of world peace.
    
51. Emergence: An Irresistible Global Uprising
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2003
    An Essay from the Book We Are Everywhere.
52. Eurocentrism 
    Resource Type: Book
    Amin argues that Eurocentrism is an ideological distortion, a myth and historical fallacy and argues for a new social, economic, cultural and political system based on socialist universalism.
53. Excerpts from the 'Notebooks'
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1938   Published: 1944
    
54. Exclusive excerpts from Ernest Tate's 'Revolutionary Activism in the 1950s & 60s'
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2014
    
55. Facing Reality 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1958   Published: 1974
    Inspired by the October 1956 Hungarian workers' revolution against Stalinist oppression, as well as the U.S. workers' "wild-cat" strikes (against capital and the union bureaucracies), the authors looked ahead to the rise of new mass emancipatory movements by African Americans as well as anti-colonialist/anti-imperialist currents in Africa and Asia. Virtually alone among the radical texts of the time, Facing Reality also rejected modern society's mania for "conquering nature," and welcomed women's struggles "for new relations between the sexes."
56. Facing Reality 45 Years Later 
    Critical Dialogue with James/Lee/Chaulieu
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2003
    According to Goldner, "In 1958, Facing Reality was an important book, uncannily anticipatory of the historical period which would unfold over the following 15 years. Its main assertions are still being debated.... What I find most interesting in Facing Reality is not so much the answers it offers as the questions it asks. Those questions revolve around the role of the revolutionary Marxist party today.
    
57. For Communism: Propositions on a Strategy for Revolution in the Advanced Capitalist Countries
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1970
    A series of 100 propositions addressing the strategic vacuum on the Italian and European left at the end of the 1960s.
    
58. For Ourselves
    Forgotten Goals of the Revolution
    Resource Type: Book
    
59. Free Association
    Revolutionary Committees as a Method of Organization
    Resource Type: Article
    The revolutionary committee "More to Come" elucidates its vision of collective uprising and revolution. While abhoring the use of violence, the group acknowledges the need for defense against reactionary government that would see to overturn the revolution.
60. French Revolution 1968
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1968
    Seale and McConville set out to relate what happened during the May 1968 revolt in France, to set the explosion in its context of French politics, and to single out what they take to be the original and creative features of the situation.
61. From Mass Strike to New Society
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2014
    Jeremy Brecher examines where and how mass strikes have progressed into the working class attempting to run society in its own interests and the lessons we can learn from them.
62. From the Bourgeois to the Proletarian Revolution 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1924   Published: 1974
    Parliaments are becoming increasingly empty trappings: the parties are collapsing, destroying one another, and losing their political credibility: the trade unions are changing into ruins. The breakdown of this organisational and political system all along the line is inevitable.
63. General Remarks on the Question of Organisation
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1938
    Organisation is the chief principle in the working class fight for emancipation. Hence the forms of this organisation constitute the most important problem in the practice of the working class movement. It is clear that these forms depend on the conditions of society and the aims of the fight. They cannot be the invention of theory, but have to be built up spontaneously by the working class itself, guided by its immediate necessities.
64. The German Revolution, 1917-1923
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 2006
    
65. The German Revolution - First Stage
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1919
    Through its rapidity and unanimity the revolution rested on the surface of civil society and could not as yet penetrate into the depth of the great masses.
66. Germany 1921: The March Action
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1964
    The debacle represented by the ‘March Action’ in Germany in 1921 was a crucial turning point in the development of the Communist International. The defeat led to a crisis in the German Communist Party (KPD), which had repercussions for the entire International.
67. Gorter, Herman - Writings - Index
    Resource Type: Article
    Writings of Herman Gorter (1864-1927).
68. Gramsci's Marxism
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1976
    Carl Boggs introduces Gramsci as one of the first marxist theorists to grapple with the problems of revolutionary change in advanced capitalist society and as the first to identify the importance of the ideological-cultural struggle against bourgeois values.
69. Hallas, Duncas - Writings - Index
    Resource Type: Article
    Writings of Duncas Hallas (1925-2002).
70. Hamburg at the Barricades 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1925   Published: 1977
    Articles by the revolutionary journaliist Larissa Reissner, covering the Hamburg uprising of 1923 and the life and times for Germany in the years 1923-1925.
71. Higgins, Jim - Writings - Index
    Resource Type: Article
    Writings of Jim Higgins (1930 – 2002).
72. The Historical Failure of Anarchism 
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1996
    Day examines anarchism's failure to genuinely critique itself, understand history or theory, and grasp the conditions in the world today. "Anti-capitalism doesn't do the victims of capitalism any good if you don't actually destroy capitalism," Day writes. 'Anti-statism' doesn't do the victims of the state any good if you don't actually smash the state. Anarchism has been very good at putting forth visions of a free society and that is for the good. But it is worthless if we don't develop an actual strategy for realizing those visions.
73. Historical Retrogression or Socialist Revolution
    A Discussion Article on the Thesis of the IKD
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1946
    Capitalism fetters, i.e., hampers, impedes the development of the productive forces. But it does not bring them to a halt. They move forward by advance, retardation, standstill, but they move forward, bringing the proletariat with them. The theoretical analysis is that the more capitalism increases the productive forces, the more it brings them into conflict with the existing social relations. The more it increases and develops the productive forces the more it socializes labor and the more it degrades it and the more it drives it to revolt.
    
74. History and Revolution
    A Revolutionary Critique of Historical Materialism
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1965   Published: 1971
    
75. Hope in the Future
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1912
    A translation of an article on socialism from "Le socialisme". The article discusses demands made by socialists to amend problems that persist in the capitalist system.
76. House of Cards
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1919
    Again and again the revolution will bring to the fore the basic question: the general reckoning between labour and capital. And this reckoning is a world historical conflict between two mortal enemies which can be fought out only in a long power struggle, eye to eye, hand to hand.
    
77. Hungary 1956: A workers' revolt crushed by the "workers' state"
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1973
    The Hungarian revolution, brief though it was, did as much as a century of socialist theorizing to show what a united and determined people could do to transform their society.
78. In a time of duplicity
    From the Diary of Victor Serge - III
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1945
    A selection of three enteries in the diary of Victor Serge - III
79. In Defence of the Terror
    Liberty or Death in the French Revolution
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 2012
    A discussion about the causes and consequences of revolutionary violence, with the premise that dismissive disgust at bloodshed is an overly simplistic response.
80. Inaugural Address of the International Workingmen's Association
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1864
    Speech by Karl Marx to the founding meeting of the First International.
81. Industrial Workers of the World
    Connexipedia: Article in the Canadian Encyclopedia
    Resource Type: Article
    A revolutionary industrial union founded in 1905. Wobblies were mostly unskilled, low-status migrant workers. The IWW advocated the organization of all workers into one body and supported direct action as the only form of protest open to immigrant workers, who were excluded from the electoral process.
82. The 'Inevitability of Socialism'
    The Meaning of a Much Abused Formula
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1947
    It is our conviction that the socialist revolution will triumph. There is no question of 'equal possibility.' But this conviction is based on an examination of evidence - in the first place, upon our Marxist analysis of the social forces at work, the truth of which, like all human truth, is tested and confirmed only in practice (in struggle). It is not the same as saying that the socialist revolution is inevitable.
83. The International Situation
    World United Front & Proletarian Revolution
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1977
    These Canadian Marxist-Leninists distinguish themselves from those who they perceive as betrayers of the working class -- namely the Communist Party of Canada and other "phoney" communists. In this paper the authors engage with the international situation and analyze major trends on a global level. Accordingly, they seek to determine: 1) what effect the international situation will have on the revolutionary struggles in Canada and consequently on the tasks of Marxist-Leninists who must lead these struggles, and 2) the responsibilities and tasks of the Canadian working class and Marxist-Leninists in upholding proletarian internationalism. This is Pamphlet 2.
84. The International Workingmen's Association, General Rules
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1864
    Rules of the First International Workingmen's Association, adopted at its founding congress in 1864.
85. Interview with J.J. Lebel 1975
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1975
    Transcript of an interview with J.J. Lebel.
86. Interview with Lotta Continua 1977 
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1977
    Revolutionary actions are directed against the system as a whole - for its overthrow. This presupposes a general disruption of society which escapes political control. Thus far, such revolutionary actions have occurred only in connection with social catastrophe, such as were released by lost wars and the associated economic dislocations. This does not mean that such situations are an absolute precondition for revolution, but it indicates the extent of social disintegration that precedes revolutionary upheavals. Revolution must involve a majority of the active population. Not ideology but necessity brings the masses into revolutionary motion. The resulting activities produce their own revolutionary ideology, namely an understanding of what has to be done to emerge victoriously out of the struggle against the system's defenders.
87. Introducing the Year 1905: Centennial of Struggle
    Against The Current vol. 114
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2005
    The year 1905 stands out as the onset of an era of explosive anticapitalist struggle—all the more so 100 years later, when we feel stranded in a neoliberal ice age. Looking back at the events of that year helps give some perspective on how rapidly consciousness and levels of struggle can change.
88. Introduction to 'Anti-Bolshevik Communism' 
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1978
    The international socialist movement must of course be an anti-imperialist movement. But it has to actualise its anti-imperialism through the destruction of the capitalist system in the advanced countries. Were this accomplished, anti-imperialism would become meaningless and the social struggles in the underdeveloped part of the world would focus on internal class differences.
89. Introduction to Social Revolution
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1976
    A Short Introduction to Social Revolutionary Politics, with short articles on ""Capitalism," "War," "State Capitalism," "National Liberation and Imperialism," "Racism," "Sex Roles," "Education," and "Reform and Revolution."
90. Introduction to the Critique of the Gotha Programme 
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1922
    Next to the Communist Manifesto of 1847-8 and the 'General Introduction' to the Critique of Political Economy of 1857, the Critique of the Gotha Programme of 1875 is, of all Karl Marx's shorter works, the most complete, lucid and forceful expression of the bases and consequences of his economic and social theory.
    
91. The Invading Socialist Society
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1947
    History has shown that in moments of great social crisis, its farthest flights fall short of the reality of the proletarian revolution. Never was the proletariat so ready for the revolutionary struggle, never was the need for it so great, never was it more certain that the proletarian upheaval, however long delayed, will only the more certainly take humanity forward in the greatest leap forward it has hitherto made. The periods of retreat, of quiescence, of inevitable defeats are mere episodes in the face of the absolute nature of the crisis.
92. Iraq: Guerrilla War in Sadr City
    Against The Current vol. 114
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2005
    In attacking first Najaf, then Tal Afar and Samarra, and finally tackling the center of Sunni resistance in Fallujah, the United States was seeking to reverse this process. But these attacks were not designed to restore order; they were, instead, intended to prevent the consolidation of a very orderly anti-American status quo in a constantly expanding set of "liberated" areas. Ironically, the American attacks in the Fall of 2004 underscore the larger contradictions in American policy in Iraq: that the chaos American leaders keep saying there are preventing will, in fact, occur only if U.S. military forces succeed in destroying these nascent city-states.
93. The Junius Pamphlet 
    The Crisis of Social Democracy
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1916
    The voting of war credits in August 1914 was a shattering moment in the life of individual socialists and of the socialist movement in Europe. Those who had worked for, and wholly believed in the ability of, organized labour to stand against war now saw the major social democratic parties of Germany, France, and England rush to the defense of their fatherlands. Worker solidarity had proved an impotent myth. Rosa Luxemburg had for years warned against the stultifying effects of the overly bureaucratized German Social Democratic Party and the anti-revolutionary tendencies of the trade unions that played such a large role in the party's policy decisions. She spent much of the war in jail, where she wrote and then smuggled this pamphlet. Published under the name "Junius," the pamphlet became the guiding statement for the International Group, which became the Spartacus League.
    
94. Karl Marx and the Anarchists
    Resource Type: Book
    Shows the continuity of Marx's political theory in the context of different ideological opponents.
95. Karl Marx: Economist or Revolutionary?
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1983
    Cleaver illustrates how, in the history of Marxist work on the theory of crisis, many have forgotten the revolutionary content of Marx’s own work and thus left themselves open to the dangers of capitalist appropriation. He suggests an alternative approach to the study and elaboration of Marx’s analysis of crisis that makes its political and revolutionary content explicit and thus more immune to appropriation.
96. Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution 
    Volume I: State and Bureaucracy
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1977
    A wide-ranging and thorough exposition of Marx's views on democracy.
97. Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution 
    Volume II: The Politics of Social Classes
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1978
    Draper ranges through the development of the thought of Marx and Engels on the role of classes in society.
98. Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution
    Volume III: The Dictatorship of the Proletariat
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1986
    Hal Draper examines how Marx and Marxism dealt with the issue of dictatorship in relation to the revolutionary use of force and repression, particularly as this debate has centered on the use of the term "dictatorship of the proletariat." Draper strips away the layers of misinterpretation and misinformation that have accumulated over the years to show what Marx and Engels themselves meant by the term.
99. Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution 
    Volume IV: Critique of Other Socialisms
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1990
    Much of Karl Marx's most important work came out of his critique of other thinkers, including many socialists who differed significantly in their conceptions of socialism. Draper looks at these critiques to illuminate what Marx's socialism was, as well as what it was not.
100. Karl Marx's Theory of Revolution
     Volume 5: War & Revolution
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2005
     The subject of this volume is Marx and Engels' views on the relation between war and revolution. Its thesis is that, over the course of decades, their views on this question changed -- evolved is a better word -- although, in this case as in others, they wrote no definitive statement of their views. Instead, we have a considerable corpus of ad hoc responses to the events of the hour, many of them politically explosive, from which we have to reconstruct, not a line, but an approach. To complicate things further, many of these crises, while they were the news of the day at the time, have since faded from memory.
101. Korea's New Revolutionaries
     Against The Current vol. 87
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2000
     Against the background of a rising militant working-class movement, revolutionary socialists in South Korea are undergoing a process of regroupment. An important force in this development are comrades of the Power of the Working Class (PWC) organization, formed in August of last year.
102. The "Labor Aristocracy" and Working-Class Struggles: Consciousness in Flux, Part 2
     Against The Current vol. 124
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2006
     Whatever the theoretical and empirical problems with the economics of the labor aristocracy thesis, its defenders still claim that well paid workers have generally been more reformist and conservative in their politics than lower paid workers. They point to the example of mostly white New York City construction workers ("hardhats") attacking antiwar demonstrators in the Spring of 1970; and contrast them with the militancy and progressive politics of some of the recent "Justice for Janitors" campaigns.
103. Leading Principles of Marxism: A Restatement 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1937
     Marx's study of society is based upon a full recognition of the reality of historical change. Marx treats all conditions of existing bourgeois society as changing, ie more exactly, as conditions in the process of being changed by human actions. Bourgeois society is not, according to Marx, a general entity which can be replaced by another stage in a historical movement. It is both the result of an earlier phase and the starting point of a new phase, of the social class war which is leading to a social revolution.
104. Learning from our History
     Ernie Tate's Memoir of His Early Years
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2014
     Richard Fidler reviews political activist Ernest Tate's two volume Revolutionary Activism in the 1950s and 60s: Ernest Tate, A Memoir.
105. Leaving the 20th Century
     The Incomplete Work of the Situationist International
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1974
     An anthology of Situationist writings.
106. Lectures on Liberation
     Resource Type: Article
     
107. Left Nationalism and Working Class Communism
     A Review of the Iranian Experience
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1987
     No amount of theoretical and political radicalisation can in itself change the social character of present-day communism and bridge the gulf that separates it from the working class. What is needed, if the proletarian communism of the Communist Manifesto is to become a reality, is a real social shift. Communism must be taken back from all those who employed it throughout the twentieth century to reform capitalism, and returned to the working class to be used against capital, for real human emancipation. A worker-communist movement must be shaped; one in which communism is once again an expression of class protest and class activity.
108. Left-Wing, Anti-Bolshevik and Council Communism
     Resource Type: Website
     Index to the works of 'Left Communists' (a.k.a. 'Council Communists' or 'Anti-Bolshevik Communists') and other ultra-left Communist currents and the debates between Left Communists and the leaders of the Comintern and each other.
109. Left-wing internationals, list of
     Connexipedia Article
     Resource Type: Article
     This is a list of socialist, communist, and anarchist internationals. An "International" such as, the "First International", the "Second International", or the "Socialist International" may refer to a number of multi-national communist, radical, socialist, or union organizations, typically composed of national sections.
110. Lenin and Luxemburg (World Revolution for Beginners, Part I 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2017
     Both of these people are great revolutionaries and there are libraries of books written about them. So in two hours, I’m going to try to sort of summarize what I think is really important about them.
111. Lenin Rediscovered
     What is to Be Done? in Context
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2008
     
112. Lenin, Vladimir - Writings - Index
     Resource Type: Article
     
113. Leninism Under Lenin
     Resource Type: Book
     Liebman offers a portrayal of Lenin as primarily a revolutionary, focusing both on his fallibility and successes.
114. Lenin's "Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder revisited
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2013
     Lenin’s famous pamphlet holds the key to unlocking the reasons why the October 1917 Russian Revolution failed to spread to the more advanced industrial countries in Europe.
115. Let's Be Practical
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1997
     Building a movement to destroy capitalism and create a society which truly reflects the aspirations of most people, though it may sound scary, is actually more practical than trying to reform a union.
116. Let's Stop Kidding Ourselves About the NDP 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1989
     Canadian socialists are terribly reluctant to give up their illusions about the NDP.
117. Letter to Socialisme ou Barbarie
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1953
     Councils are not only the means by which workers will exercise power after the taking of social power by the workers; we consider them as also being the organisms by means of which the workers will conquer this power.
118. Letters of Insurgents 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1976
     A fictional exchange of letters between people grappling with the question of what the struggle for freedom means in the West and in thecountries of the Soviet bloc. A gripping discussion of the issues of social change and liberation as they affect real
119. The Letters of Rosa Luxemburg 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1990   Published: 2011
     Blending a passionate sensibility and a steely intellect with an unshakeable commitment to revolutionary socialism, Rosa Luxemburg is one of the towering figures of the twentieth century. In this comprehensive collection selection of Luxemburg's letters, her political concerns are revealed alongside the story of a vivid inner life.
120. Libcom.org 
     Resource Type: Website
     Resource for all people who wish to improve their lives, their communities and their working conditions. We want to discuss with one another, learn from experiences of the past and develop strategies to increase the power that we, as ordinary people, have over our own lives.
121. Libya
     From Colony to Revolution
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2011
     Provides the background to the Libyan revolution by discussing its history from colonization up through the 2011 rebellion/foreign intervention that ousted Mu'ammar al-Qadafi.
122. Listen, Marxist!
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1969   Published: 1971
     Murray Bookchin takes on the 'Marxist-Leninists' who are destroying the New Left.
123. Rosa Luxemburg 
     A letter about Rosa Luxemburg's contribution to Marxism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2000
     In a time when the socialist movement was evolving in directions increasingly removed from Marx's positions -- Social Democratic reformism on the one hand, and Leninist bureaucratic centralism on the other -- Luxemburg was the leading exponent of a Marxism in the spirit of Marx.
124. Luxemburg versus Lenin 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1935
     On many essential points the conceptions of Luxemburg differ from those of Lenin as day from night, or -- the same thing -- as the problems of the bourgeois revolution from those of the proletarian.
125. Luxemburgism
     Connexipedia Article
     Resource Type: Article
     A revolutionary theory within Marxism and communism based on the writings of Rosa Luxemburg.
126. Mainspring of the Arab Revolt
     A review of Lineages of Revolt by Adam Hanieh
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2014
     This book ought to be read — or better, studied — by every socialist interested in the Middle East.
127. Malcolm X Speaks
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1965
     A series of speeches, seminars and press conferences given by Malcolm X during the last years of his life in 1964 and early 1965.
128. Manifesto of the Communist International to the Workers of the World
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1919
     Adopted by the founding congress of the Third International (Comintern) in March 1919.
     
129. Manifesto of the Second Congress of the Third International
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1920
     Adopted in Moscow, August 1920, at the Second World Congress of the Communist International.
     
130. Manifestos, Programs, Visions 
     Selected Manifestos - Political Statements - Programs
     Resource Type: Website
     First Published: 1649   Published: 2016
     A selection of left manifestos, programs, poltical statements and visions from the 1600s to today.
131. Manual for Revolutionary Leaders
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1972
     A devious satire aimed at Leninists, Trotskyists, Maoists, and vanguardists of all stripes.
     
132. Marx and Engels
     Basic Writings on Politics and Philosophy
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1959
     
133. Marx-Engels Chronicle, The
     A Day-by-Day Chronology of Marx and Engels' Life and Activity. Vol. 1 of the Marx-Engels Cyclopedia
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1985
     
134. Marx-Engels Glossary, The
     Glossary to the Chronicle & Register, & Index to the Glossary. Vol. 2 of the Marx-Engels Cyclopedia
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1986
     
135. Marx-Engels Register, The
     A Complete Bibliography of Marx Engels' Individual Writings. Vol. 3 of the Marx-Engels Cyclopedia
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1985
     The Marx-Engels Register contains a detailed bibliographical listing of all the individual writings of Marx and Engels. Each entry in the Register gives all the basic data about a given work: English-language title, language of the original text, original-language title (if not English), date and circumstances of writing, date and circumstances of publication, reprints or republications of the original text, etc. The volume alsp provides "Sources and Translations" lists and some appendiices. An inclusive title index provides access to the Register by title alone.
136. Marx for Beginners
     Resource Type: Book
     
137. Marx, Freud, and the Critique of Everyday Life
     Toward a Permanent Revolution
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1974
     The theory and practice of revolutionary social transformation, Brown argues, must encompass the subjective, psychological dimensions of the revolutionary process.
138. Marx, theoretician of anarchism 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1973
     Under the name communism, Marx developed a theory of anarchism; and further, in fact it was he who was the first to provide a rational basis for the anarchist utopia and to put forward a project for achieving it.
139. Marxism and Freedom 
     From 1776 to Today
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1958   Published: 2000
     Dunayevskaya argues that Marx's theory is the generalisation of the instinctive striving of the proletariat for a new social order, a truly human society.
140. Marxism and the Party
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1978
     Molyneux examines the views of Marx, Lenin, Luxemburg, Trotsky, and Gramsci on the question of party organisation. He takes as his central theme their concern with the relationship between the party and the working class.
141. Marxism and the Russian Anarchists
     Resource Type: Book
     Studies of the ideas of Russian anarchists, including anarcho-syndicalists, anarchist-communists, Makheavists, council anarchists, Makhnovism, and soviet anarchists.
142. The Marxism of the First International
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1924
     On 28 September 1864 it was decided at an international meeting of workers in London to found the International Workingmen's Association. On 25 July 1867, Karl Marx wrote the preface to the first edition of the first volume of Capital. Within one single period of history, in the 1860s, both aspects of Marxism attained their full realization: the new autonomous science of the working class attained its developed theoretical form in literature at the same time as the new autonomous movement of the proletariat achieved its practical form in history.
     
143. Marxism and Philosophy 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1923   Published: 1970
     
144. Marxism: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1978
     Until now the history of revolutionary Marxism has been the history of its defeats, which include the apparent successes that culminated in the emergence of state-capitalist systems. It is clear that early Marxism not only underestimated the resiliency of capitalism, but in doing so also overestimated the power of Marxian ideology to affect the consciousness of the proletariat. The process of historical change, even if speeded up by the dynamics of capitalism, is exceedingly slow, particularly when measured against the lifespan of an individual. But the history of failure is also one of illusions shed and experience gained, if not for the individual, at least for the class. There is no reason to assume that the proletariat cannot learn from experience.
145. Marxism.ca 
     Resource Type: Website
     First Published: 2016
     A gateway to resources about Marxism compiled by Connexions.
146. Marxismo Libertario
     Resource Type: Website
     Lecturas para la Emancipacion del Proletariado.
     
147. Marxist Theory and Revolutionary Tactics
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1912
     If the party saw its function as restraining the masses from action for as long as it could do so, then party discipline would mean a loss to the masses of their initiative and potential for spontaneous action, a real loss, and not a transformation of energy. The existence of the party would then reduce the revolutionary capacity of the proletariat rather than increase it. It cannot simply sit down and wait until the masses rise up spontaneously in spite of having entrusted it with part of their autonomy; the discipline and confidence in the party leadership which keep the masses calm place it under an obligation to intervene actively and itself give the masses the call for action at the right moment. Thus, as we have already argued, the party actually has a duty to instigate revolutionary action, because it is the bearer of an important part of the masses' capacity for action; but it cannot do so as and when it pleases, for it has not assimilated the entire will of the entire proletariat, and cannot therefore order it about like a troop of soldiers. It must wait for the right moment: not until the masses will wait no longer and are rising up of their own accord, but until the conditions arouse such feeling in the masses that large-scale action by the masses has a chance of success.
148. Marxist Women versus Bourgeois Feminism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1976
     The texts presented here are intended to revive acquaintance with a revolutionary women's movement, which was undoubtedly the most important one of its kind that has yet been seen. Yet it has been so thoroughly dropped down the memory hole that even mention of its existence is hard to find.
     
149. Marxists Internet Archive 
     Resource Type: Website
     Large archive of the writings of Marx and Engels and of others in the Marxist tradition. Searchable.
150. Marx's Vision of Communism
     A Reconstruction
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1977
     Ollman tries to reconstruct Marx's vision of communism from his writings of 1844, the year in which he set down the broad lines of his analysis, to the end of his life.
151. The Mass Strike, the Political Party and the Trade Unions 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1906
     Luxemburg writes that "the mass strike in Russia [in 1905] has been realised not as means of evading the political struggle of the working-class, and especially of parliamentarism, not as a means of jumping suddenly into the social revolution by means of a theatrical coup, but as a means, firstly, of creating for the proletariat the conditions of the daily political struggle and especially of parliamentarism. The revolutionary struggle in Russia, in which mass strikes are the most important weapon, is, by the working people, and above all by the proletariat, conducted for those political rights and conditions whose necessity and importance in the struggle for the emancipation of the working-class Marx and Engels first pointed out, and in opposition to anarchism fought for with all their might in the International."
152. Die Massenstreikdebatte
     Arbeiterbewegung Theorie und Geschicthe
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1970
     
153. The Masses & The Vanguard
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1938
     The leadership principle, the idea of the vanguard that must assume responsibility for the proletarian revolution is based on the pre-war conception of the labour movement, is unsound. The tasks of the revolutionary and the communist reorganization of society cannot be realized without the widest and fullest action of the masses themselves.
154. May 1968 Graffiti
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1968
     "Don't consume Marx, live him."
155. May 5, 1818: Birth of Karl Marx 
     Seeds of Fire
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2013
     Marx breathes dialectics and revolution. For Marx, radicalism means going to the root, and Marx's radicalism seeks to go to the root of capitalism, to comprehend its essence dialectically, to understand its inherent contradictions - and the seeds of revolution it contains.
156. The Meaning of Socialism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1961   Published: 1969
     Paul Cardan's 1961 discussion of modern conceptions of socialism, and the future of socialist movements.
157. Memoirs of a Revolutionary 1901- 1941 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1943   Published: 1967
     Victor Serge, who was bron in 1890 and died in 1947, was an anarchist, a Bolshevik, a Trotskyist, and a revisionist-Marxist. Belgian by birth and upbringing, French by adoption and in literary expression, Russian by parentage and later by citizenship, he eventually became stateless and was put down as a Spanish national for purposes of his funeral documents. He was a journalist, a poet, a pamphleteer, a historian, a political prisoner, an agitator, and a novelist.
158. Modern Capitalism and Revolution
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1959   Published: 1975
     For revolutionaries one central point must be grasped to understand how the system works: the struggle of human beings against their alientation, and the ensuing conflict and split in all spheres, aspects and moments of socia life. As long as this struggle is there there ruling strata will continue to be unable to organise their system in a coherent way, and society will lurch from one accident to another. These are the conditions for revolutionary activity in the present epoch -- and they are amply sufficient.
159. Modern Politics
     Resource Type: Book
     
160. The Myth of Lenin's 'Concept of The Party'
     What They Did to What Is To Be Done?
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1990
     Lenin protested more than once that his initial formulations in WITBD were being distorted and misinterpreted by opponents, after which he went on to clarify and modify. If we want to know Lenin's 'concept of the party' we must look at the formulations he came to, after there had been discussions and attacks.
161. The Myth of Lenin's 'Revolutionary Defeatism'
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1954
     Lenin discovered in practice that the defeat-slogan was incompatible with a living Marxist approach to the problem of the defense of the nation, conceived not in the social-patriotic sense of the 'defense of the fatherland' but in the light of a Marxist class understanding of, and a dynamically revolutionary program for, the nation.
162. The National Question 
     Selected Writings by Rosa Luxemburg
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1976
     In her penetrating analysis of nationalism, Rosa Luxemburg argues that the formula of "the right of nations to self-determination" is essentially not a political or programmatic guide to the nationality question, but only a means of avoiding that question.
163. Necessary and Unneccessary Utopias
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2000
     Reasserts the need for a bold and revolutionary imagination, one aimed at saner ways of living and organizaing society.
     
164. Needed: 5% Participation to Overthrow Crony Capitalism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2013
     Erica Chenoweth, author of Why Civil Resistance Works: The Strategic Logic of Nonviolent Conflict, explains how to overthrow U.S. crony capitalism: “In raw numbers, movements generally achieve systematic change (i.e., in the +80% likelihood category) when they mobilize over 5 percent of the population. The Iranian Revolution, among the largest popular uprisings, achieved about 10 percent mobilization. In the US with 311 million people, this would mean between 15.5 million and 31.1 million people.”
165. The New Blanquism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1920
     The revolution can only issue from the masses, and it is only through the masses that it is carried out. The Communist Party has forgotten this simple truth and, with the insufficient forces of a revolutionary minority, it wants to do what only the class can do, in such a way that the consequence will be defeat, which will set back the cause of the World Revolution for a long time, at the cost of the most painful sacrifices.
166. New Democracy Internet site
     Resource Type: Website
     Supports a democratic revolution to overthrow corporate capitalism, but opposes socialism. Features short articles on labour issues, the deficit, education.
167. A New International
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1944
     The idea of socialism is henceforth inseparable from respect for the individual, the spirit of liberty, and of really democratic institutions. Socialist ideology demands strict self-criticism, a re-exami-nation of theories, whilst allowing for the scientific learning of the last 50 years and of historic experience. "Marxism is a method and not a dogma."
168. The new socialist revolution
     An introduction to its theory and strategy
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1973
     Chapter 6 - Strategy and Tactics. The first task of the revolutionary movement, its most important task within the next few years, is to destroy bourgeois hegemony and develop a radical consciousness among each of the potential constituencies for revolutionary action.
169. News & Letters: Draft for Marxist-Humanist Perspectives, 2006 - 2007
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2006
     We aim to help fill the void on the question of "what happens after" by creatively rethinking and restating his concept of "revolution in permanence" for today.
170. The Next Liberation Struggle
     Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy in Southern Africa
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2005
     An indispensable guide to understanding how the resources of that era can be used to contribute to real liberation for the region and for the continent of Africa as a whole.
171. Obsolete Communism
     The Left-Wing Alternative
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1968   Published: 1969
     An account of the May 1968 uprising in Paris, positing a left radical alternative to the encrusted beliefs of the old left and the right. A comment on power, on bureaucracy, and on the paths to liberation.
172. An October for Us, for Russia and for the Whole World
     Against The Current vol. 131
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2007
     This appeal from Russian intellectuals and artists on the 90th anniversary of the Russian October Revolution comes to us from veteran leftists, social democrats, artists and even children of Left Oppositionists, most of them politically active at least since the Gorbachev years of glasnost and perestroika. It has been abridged here for space reasons.
173. Old-Fashioned Political Activism Doesn't Work
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2013
     If you have ever read an article aiming to make you angry at some government or corporation by exposing some vile wrong-doing of it, then you've experienced at least one author's old-fashioned politcal activism. And if you've ever been asked by some organization, that avoids talking about the necessity and possibility of revolution, to attend a demonstration or sign a petition or vote against some particular governmental or corporate wrong-doing, then you've encountered an old-fashioned political activist organization. If you are, yourself, an old-fashioned political activist, as I once was, then this article is for you.
174. On May '68
     Against The Current vol. 136
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2008
     Interview with Michael Löwy. Michael Löwy is the author of numerous works on socialist thought from Marx to the present as well as on liberation theology in Latin America.
175. On Oil and Quicksand
     Against The Current vol. 114
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2005
     The end of 2004 finds the Middle East sliding toward an even bloodier morass, thanks in large part to imperial and colonial arrogance which has rarely been on such open display.
176. On Revolutionary Organization: Points for Discussion
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1934
     
177. On Spontaneity and Organisation
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1971   Published: 1975
     On the relationship of spontaneity and revolution.
     
178. On the Question of Revolutionary Organization: the Case of the NPA in France
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2009
     The challenge of creating an anti-bureaucratic, democratic revolutionary socialist party.
179. On the Spartacus Programme 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1918
     For us the conquest of power will not be effected at one blow. It will be a progressive act, for we shall progressively occupy all the positions. of the capitalist state, defending tooth and nail each one that we seize.
     
180. On the Transition to Socialism
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1971
     Essays discussing the economic, social, and political aspects of the attempt to create a new society after the governmental power of the old has been destroyed and replaced. Central to the discussion is the possibility that the policies adopted by the new governments under the stress of economic and political difficulties may result in the creation of a new capitalist in "statist" forms.
181. Open Letter to Comrade Lenin
     A reply to 'left-wing' communism, an infantile disorder
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1920
     he tactics that are brilliant for Russia are bad here. They lead to defeat here.
182. Order Prevails in Berlin
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1919
     Rosa Luxemburg's last article, written just before she was murdered.
     She concludes with the words: "You foolish lackeys! Your 'order' is built on sand. Tomorrow the revolution will 'rise up again, clashing its weapons,' and to your horror it will proclaim with trumpets blazing:
     I was, I am, I shall be!"
     
183. Ordinary People
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2001
     When we talk about revolution, we aren't talking about pie in the sky or something that's never existed. We're talking about reshaping the world with the very best values that we practice now, today, in our families, with our friends and co-workers, with our students and patients. We believe that the smallest acts of kindness and the most public, collective acts of revolution are on a continuum of struggle to make the world the way we believe it should be.
184. The Organisational Structure of the Communist Parties, the Methods and Content of Their Work: Theses
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1921
     Adopted at the Third Congress of the Communist International (Comintern) in 1921.
     
185. Organizing for Workers' Power
     Beyond Trade Unionism & Vanguardism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1968   Published: 1969
     A discussion of the problem of "vanguardism," and the role of leadership in revolutionary organization, and its evolution through different stages of class struggle, by Adriano Sofri of the Italian socialist group Lotta Continua, with an introduction by militants in southern Ontario.
186. Origins of the Chinese Revolution, 1915-1949
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1967   Published: 1971
     An introduction to China's passage to revolution which takes as its central theme the relationship between China's social crisis and the revolutionary movement.
187. Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - August 21, 2015
     Canadian federal election, mining and the environment
     Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
     First Published: 2015
     Featuring the Canadian federal election, mining and the environment, failure of Syriza in Greece, refugees, veterans of India's struggle for independence.
188. Other Voices: The Connexions Newsletter - March 5, 2016
     International Women's Day
     Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
     First Published: 2016
     In this issue of Other Voices, we mark International Women's Day. An article written by Alexandra Kollontai in 1920 talks about the early history of this event, which grew out of a proposal put forward by Clara Zetkin at the 1910 International Conference of Working Women. A key focus at that time was winning the vote for women, with the slogan "The vote for women will unite our strength in the struggle for socialism". The link between women's rights and socialism became even clearer a few years later, in 1917, when a Women's Day march in St. Petersburg turned into a revolutionary uprising which led to the overthrow of the Czar and the Russian Revolution.
189. Our Program and the Political Situation
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1918
     Tthe text of a speech by Rosa Luxemburg to the Founding Congress of the Communist Party of Germany (Spartacus League), made on December 31, 1918.
     
190. Pannekoek, Anton - Writings - Index
     Resource Type: Article
     Writings of Anton Pannekoek (1873-1960).
191. Party and Class 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1936
     The belief in parties is the main reason for the impotence of the working class; therefore we avoid forming a new party - not because we are too few, but because a party is an organization that aims to lead and control the working class. In opposition to this, we maintain that the working class can rise to victory only when it independently attacks its problems and decides its own fate.
192. Party and Class in Revolutionary Crises
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2011
     While the pre-World War I Lenin and the Bolsheviks did not leave original theoretical tools to guide the reconstruction of revolutionary workers’ organizations, the study of their historical experience remains invaluable.
193. People, Get Ready
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2002
     There is nothing more necessary for the success of popular struggle in the coming years than a worthy revolutionary alternative to aim for. This alternative must inspire confidence that we can create a truly democratic, humanly fulfilling, successfully functioning new society.
194. The Permanent Revolution & Results and Prospects
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1931   Published: 1969
     A re-issue of two of Trotsky's works, Results and Prospcts, and The Permanent Revolution.
195. Philosophy and Revolution
     From Hegel to Sartre, and from Marx to mao
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1973   Published: 1989
     Dunayevskaya argues in favour of a re-evaluation of the theoretical philosophy of Hegel and its application by Marx and the later Lenin to the history of mankind.
196. The Platform of the Communist International
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1919
     Adopted by the founding congress of the Third International, March 1919.
     
197. The Political Mass Strike 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1913
     If we want to prove ourselves worthy of the great coming events then we must not begin at the wrong end by attempting to make technical preparations for the mass strike. When the situation is ripe, the tactic of the mass strike will present itself. Let us not rack our brains about supporting it at the right time. What is necessary is that you watch the party press to ensure that it is your instrument and expresses your opinion and your mood. You must also see to it that our parliamentarians feel a mass pressing them from behind.
     
198. A Political Statement of the Libertarian Socialist Collective
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1979
     The socialist perspective, as we see it, implies a total critique of human society as it is presently constituted. Socialism means a total transformation of life and social institutions - a project of collective self-transformation.
     
199. The Politics Of Gorter
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1952
     In the years after 1920, Gorter in contact with the small groups of the extreme left, worked to clarify the idea of the organisation of workers councils and thus collaborated in the future renewal of the class struggle of the proletariat. During this time the socialist politicians of the second international, as members of parliament and ministers, were occupied in bailing out a bankrupt capitalism for the bourgeoisie.
200. Portugal
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1976
     The revolutionary process in Portugal is not one that lends itself very easily to a coherent political analysis. Political leadership is quickly thrown up by the creative energy of the workers and peasants and as quickly discarded as its usefulness to them wears thin.
201. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution?
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1977
     The story of what happened in Portugal between April 25, 1974 and November 25, 1975, as seen and felt by a deeply committed participant.
202. Preliminaries Toward Defining a Unitary Revolutionary Program 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1960
     Written as a platform for discussion within the Situationist International, and for its linkup with revolutionary militants of the workers movement.
203. Prelude to Revolution
     The Petrograd Bolsheviks and the July 1917 Uprising
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1968   Published: 1991
     About the role of the Bolsheviks in the period between the February and October 1917 revolutions, concentrating on their role in the July uprising in Petrograd.
204. The Principle of Self-Emancipation in Marx and Engels 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1971
     For Marx and Engels, there was a direct relationship between the revolutionary (literally subversive) nature of their socialism and the principle of emancipation-from-below, the principle that, as Engels wrote, "there is no concern for ... gracious patronage from above."
     Marxism, as the theory and practice of the proletarian revolution, therefore also had to be the theory and practice of the self-emancipation of the proletariat. Its essential originality flows from this source.
205. The Program of the Minority
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1946
     Statement of the minority in the (U.S.) Workers Party.
     
206. The proliferation of neo-primitives
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1979
     Neo-primitives prefer an imaginary past to the work of creating a different society.
207. Propaganda and Consciousness: The Future of Big Flame Newspaper
     Resource Type: Article
     A political dicussion of the strategy and practice of Big Flame, written in the early 1970s.
     
208. Quotes about Revolution
     Resource Type: Unclassified
     
209. Radical Digressions 
     Resource Type: Website
     First Published: 2006   Published: 2017
     Ulli Diemer's website/blog featuring comment from a radical left-libertarian Marxist perspective.
     
210. Radical Digressions 1
     Resource Type: Website
     First Published: 1973   Published: 1979
     
211. The Red Menace 
     A libertarian socialist newsletter
     Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
     First Published: 1975   Published: 1980
     Articles on topics such as socialism, Marxism, anarchism, work, popular education, organizing, wages for housework, Leninism, bureaucracy, hierarchy, jargon, prostitution, obscenity, science fiction, and terrorism.
     
212. Red Menace #1
     Volume 1, Number 1 - February 1976
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1976
     The first issue of The Red Menace, a libertarian socialist newsletter.
213. Redefining Revolution
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1963   Published: 1974
     Modern society certainly remains profoundly divided. It constantly functions against the immense majority of working people. In everyday life the exploited defend themselves against exploitation by part of every single one of their everyday gestures. The present crisis of humanity, it is true, will only be solved by a socialist revolution. But these ideas risk remaining empty abstractions, pretexts for sermons or for a blind, spasmodic activism if one doesn't try to understand the new ways in which the division of society assumes concrete form today, how modern capitalism functions, the new forms taken today by the working class struggle against the ruling classes and their system, and unless one seriously tries to understand what — under these conditions — a new revolutionary activity integrated to the real struggle of people in society might mean and how it could be linked to a coherent and lucid understanding of the world. To achieve this what is needed is nothing less than a radical theoretical and practical renewal.
214. Reform or Revolution 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1983
     The reformists had no principles to 'betray.' They remained what they had been all along, but they were now obliged first of all to safeguard the system in which their cherished practice could continue. The revolution had to be reduced to a mere reform, so as to satisfy their deepest convictions and, incidentally, secure their political existence.
215. Reform or Revolution?
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1896
     Socialism knows that revolutionary upheavals and transformations proceed from the rock bed of material needs.
216. Reform and Revolution 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1967   Published: 1968
     An essay taken from Andre Gorz's Le Socialisme Difficile in which he discusses how socialist strategy can aim to crate the objective and subjective conditions which will make mass revolutionary action and engagement in a successful trail of strength with the bourgeoise possible.
217. Review: International Socialist Review on "Contemporary Anarchism"
     Resource Type: Article
     The word "anarchism" is a rather vague word that covers such a wide variety of political views and approaches it is often hard to see how they have anything in common. This means it is also probably not very productive to produce "critiques" of anarchism that lump the many different viewpoints together.
218. Revolution
     Resource Type: Article
     
219. Revolution
     Connexipedia Article
     Resource Type: Article
     
220. Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Africa
     Essays in Contemporary Politics
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1989
     In this collection of essays, one of Africa's most eminent political scientists investigates crucial problems confronting the African continent: its chronic instability and sectional conflict, the nature of class rule and the failure of the post-colonial state to deliver on the promises of independence. The relevance of Marxist theory to an understanding of Africa's social reality is explored, and a theory of national liberation, based on the ideas of Amilcar Cabral, developed.
221. Revolution in the Revolution
     Resource Type: Book
     
222. The Revolution is Dead Long Live the Revolution
     Readings on the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution from an Ultra-Left Perspective
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1976
     essasy on China's Great Proletarian cultural Revolution.
223. The Revolution Is Not A Party Affair
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1920
     The revolution is not a party affair. The three social-democratic parties (SPD, USPD, KPD) are so foolish as to consider the revolution as their own party affair and to proclaim the victory of the revolution as their party goal. The revolution is the political and economic affair of the totality of the proletarian class. Only the proletariat as a class can lead the revolution to victory. Everything else is superstition, demagogy and political chicanery.
224. The Revolution of Everyday Life 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1967   Published: 2001
     The classic complement to Debord's Society of the Spectacle. Vaneigem examines the minutia of power as "abstracted mediation and mediated abstraction" that permeates everyday life and the means of seizing control of our lives and truly living.
225. Revolution Re-Assessed 
     Politics of Human Liberation
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1980
     The political objectives and beliefs of the Australian-based Libertarian Socialist Organisation.
226. Revolutionary Activism in the 1950s & 60s: A Memoir
     Volume 1, Canada 1955-1965
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2014
     The first volume of long-time Canadian revolutionary socialist Ernie Tate's memoir.
227. Revolutionary Activism in the 1950s & 60s: A Memoir
     Volume 2, Britain 1965-1970
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2014
     The second volume of long-time Canadian revolutionary socialist Ernie Tate's memoir.
228. The Revolutionary Answer to the Negro Problem in the USA
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1948
     The impetus of the Negro movement toward the revolutionary forces, which we have traced in the past, is stronger today than ever before.
     
229. Revolutionary Centennial: Guyana's 1905 Rebellion
     Against The Current vol. 114
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2005
     1905 was a landmark year in the history of Guyana, as it was for several places around the world. In Russia, the Tsar and his troops shot workers delivering a petition in St. Petersburg. In Bengal there were communal shootings; in South West Africa the German massacre of the Herero people was in full progress.
230. Revolutionary Feminism, Communist Interventions vol. 3
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2016
     The third volume of the Communist Interventions reader series, on Revolutionary Feminism. A century of debates between communist, anarchist, and radical feminist militants on women's oppression and capitalism.
231. A Revolutionary for our Times: Rosa Luxemburg
     Resource Type: Book
     
232. Revolutionary Nonviolence
     Essays by Dave Dellinger
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1970   Published: 1971
     Dellinger says that "those of us who oppose the violence of the status quo and reject the violence of armed revolt and class hatred bear a heavy responsibility to struggle existentially to provdew nonviolent alternatives." Dellinger's essays attempt to explore those alternatives.
233. Revolutionary Optimism: Journeys in Radical Politics Past and Present
     Resource Type: Film/Video
     First Published: 2018
     On the "Reality Asserts Itself" program of The RealNews network, Prof. Leo Panitch is interviewed by host Paul Jay. Discussion topics include his political leanings, the rise of Jeremy Corbyn, the UK Labour Party, and whether radical change is indeed possible.
234. Revolutionary Organisation and Open Letter to IS
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1972
     A 1972 pamphlet incorporating two previously published texts, 'Revolutionary Organisation' (1961) and 'An Open Letter to I.S.' (1968). They are presented as "a contribution to the serious discussing now taking place, within the ranks of revolutionaryies, as to what kind of organisation is necessary."
     
235. Revolutionary Organization
     Versus Bureaucratic and "Democratic" Centralism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1969   Published: 1973
     An advocacy for democratic, "uncentred" socialism as an antidote to Stalinist repression, elitism by workers' leadership and blindness to the "understandings of today's reality." Also included is a short article by Anton Pennekoek, on "Party and Class".
236. Revolutionary Organization 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1961
     We here wish to examine one of the most fervently adhered to dogmas of the "Left": the need for a tightly centralized socialist party, controlled by a carefully selected leadership. The Labour Party describes this type of organization as an essential feature of British democracy in practice. The Bolsheviks describe it as a "democratic centralism". Let us forget the names and look below the surface. In both cases we find the complete domination of the party in all matters of organization and policy by a fairly small group of professional "leaders".
237. Revolutionary Politics and the Cuban Working Class
     Torchbook Edition
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1970
     A study of Cuban workers after consolidation of the Castro regime.
238. Revolutionary Self-Theory: A Beginners' Manual
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1975   Published: 1985
     A booklet is for people who are dissatisfied with their lives.
239. Revolutionary theory, academia and Marxist political parties
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2019
     According to Lenin, revolutionary work has four parts: theoretical work, propaganda, agitation and organization.
240. Revolutionary Unionism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1905
     Speech at Chicago, November 25, 1905
241. Riot and Revolution
     Speech by Rosa Luxemburg on Trial for Inciting to Riot
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1906
     On the twelfth of November 1906 Rosa Luxemburg was tried at the Criminal Court at Weimar for “inciting to the use of physical force” by the speech she contributed to the discussion on the General Strike at the annual Congress of the German Socialist Party held in 1905 at Jena.
242. Rosa Luxemburg
     A Life
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1986
     A biography of the Marxist revolutionary.
243. Rosa Luxemburg 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1939   Published: 1972
     A biography of Rosa Luxemburg written by a German revolutionary who worked with Luxemburg in the Spartacist organization.
244. Rosa Luxemburg
     Abridged Edition
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1966   Published: 1969
     A biography of Luxemburg by a British academic.
     
245. Rosa Luxemburg 
     Selected Political Writings
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1972
     A selection of Rosa Luxemburg's writings which highlight her outstanding contributions to the theory and practice of revolutionary socialism.
246. Rosa Luxemburg (film) 
     Resource Type: Film/Video
     First Published: 1986
     A 1986 West German dramatic film on the life of Rosa Luxemburg.
247. Rosa Luxemburg and the actuality of revolution 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2019
     She was brilliant, insightful, with considerable knowledge and practical experience. She said and wrote things that are worth comprehending, actively considering, and testing out as we try to understand and change the world around us.
248. Rosa Luxemburg: Prison Letters
     Resource Type: Book
     
249. The Rosa Luxemburg Reader 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2004
     A definitive one-volume collection of Luxemburg's writings.
250. Rosa Luxemburg Speaks
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1970
     A selection of speeches and writings by Rosa Luxemburg.
251. Rosa Luxemburg, Women's Liberation, and Marx's Philosophy of Revolution 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1981   Published: 1982
     Part I - Rosa Luxemburg as Theoretician, as Activist, as Internationalist. Part II - The Women's Liberation Movement as Revolutionary Force and Reason. Part III - Karl Marx: From Critic of Hegel to Author of Capital and Theorist of "Revolution in Permanence."
252. The Russian Revolution 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1918   Published: 1961
     The basic lesson of every great revolution, the law of its being, decrees: either the revolution must advance at a rapid, stormy, resolute tempo, break down all barriers with an iron hand and place its goals ever farther ahead, or it is quite soon thrown backward behind its feeble point of departure and suppressed by counter-revolution. To stand still, to mark time on one spot, to be contented with the first goal it happens to reach, is never possible in revolution. And he who tries to apply the home-made wisdom derived from parliamentary battles between frogs and mice to the field of revolutionary tactics only shows thereby that the very psychology and laws of existence of revolution are alien to him.
253. The Russian Revolution Ninety Years After
     Against The Current vol. 131
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2007
     The October Revolution of 1917 in Russia was the most influential political event of the 20th century. But since history is written by the victors, it is not well known that October was the opening shot of a vast and powerful challenge to capitalism that swept the industrial world and had strong echoes in colonial countries. Between 1918 and 1921 union membership and days lost in strikes everywhere reached new heights, while the ranks of the revolutionary wing of the socialist movement swelled.
254. Secrecy and Revolution
     A Reply to Trotsky
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1938   Published: 1963
     Whether Trotsky wills it or not, no limit has been set to the analysis of the Russian revolution, which he has served so outstandingly, so tremendously - despite the measure of responsibility which must be laid to his name for certain tragic errors.
255. Sex-Pol 
     Essays 1929-1934
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1934   Published: 1972
     Wilhelm Reich's writings from his Marxist period, outlining his thoughts about sexual and political liberation.
256. Situationist International Anthology 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1981   Published: 2006
     A selection of Situationist writings.
257. The Sixties 
     Years of Hope, Days of Rage
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1987
     One of the best books on the Sixties in the U.S., bringing to life the political and cultural currents, including especially the music, which raged during that decade, and setting them in historical context.
258. '68: The Year of the Barricades 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1988
     Caute's book looks at the explosive year 1968 (while situating it in the context of what had led up to it). One of the great strengths of this excellent book is that it looks at what was happening around the world.
259. Social Reform or Revolution 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1900   Published: 1908
     Rosa Luxemburg's attack on reformism.
260. Socialism and Revolution 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1967   Published: 1973
     Representative democracy in every industrially advanced country is in a state of profound crisis. But we have been accustomed for so long to accept democracy in the form of its outward appearances and parliamentary institutions that its decay often does not become apparent to us until those institutions have been either brushed aside or reduced to a purely decorative role.
261. Socialism from Below
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2004
     Essays by Hal Draper on Marxism, democracy, and revolution.
262. Socialism or Barbarism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1961   Published: 1969
     The combined socialist objectives from members of "Socialisme ou Barbarie" of France, "Unita Proletaria" of Italy, "Socialism Reaffirmed" of Great Britain, and "Pouvoir Ouvrier Belge" of Belgium.
263. Socialism.ca 
     Resource Type: Website
     First Published: 2016
     A gateway to resources about socialism, socialist history, and socialist ideas, compiled by Connexions.
264. The Socialist Register 1974
     Volume 11: A survey of Movements & Ideas
     Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
     First Published: 1974
     
265. The Socialist Register 1975
     Volume 12: A Survey of Movements & Ideas
     Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
     First Published: 1975
     
266. The Socialist Register 1978
     Volume 15: A Survey of Movements & Ideas
     Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
     First Published: 1978
     
267. Socialist Register 2017
     Volume 53: Rethinking Revolution
     Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
     First Published: 2016
     This 53rd volume of the Socialist Register addresses the question of the meaning of revolution in the twenty-first century. Coming to terms with the legacy of 1917 is obviously one aspect of this. ‘October’ was a unique event that provided inspiration for millions of oppressed people, and also became an inevitable point of reference for socialist politics in the twentieth century. The twenty-first century left needs to both understand and transcend this legacy through a critical reappraisal of its broad effects – both positive and negative – on political, intellectual and cultural life everywhere as well as on the other revolutions that took place over the last century. But the main point of the volume is to look forward more than back. All revolutions emerge in conjunctures saturated with unique contra-dictions, contingencies, class alignments and struggles.
268. Society of the Spectacle 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1967   Published: 2005
     An analysis of modern society and how it can be changed, written in the form of 221 theses. The first thesis reads: "In societies dominated by modern conditions of production, life is presented as an immense accumulation of spectacles. Everything that was directly lived has receded into a representation." Translator Ken Knabb describes the book as "an effort to clarify the nature of the society in which we find ourselves and the advantages and drawbacks of various methods for changing it. Every single thesis has a direct or indirect bearing on issues that are matters of life and death."
269. Solidarity
     Resource Type: Website
     A democratic revolutionary socialist, feminist, anti-racist organization which publishes Against the Current magazine.
270. Solidarity As We See It 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1967
     Ten Points on Solidarity's Socialist position - the compromised nature of the "Bolsheviks" and trade unions, the need to "build from below," the desire to see themselves as "merely an instrument of working class action."
271. Solidarity (US) Founding Statement 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1986
     Adopted at the founding national convention of SOLIDARITY in the Spring of 1986.
     
272. Some Thoughts on the Re-organization of the Revolutionary Left
     Resource Type: Article
     It is not true that without revolutionary theory there is no revolutionary practice. It is not true that certain opinions and ideas, that a certain quantity of consciousness are the absolute precondition to struggle. It is the other way round! Many times, it has been stated that the "theory becomes a material force as soon as it takes possession of the masses." However, a theory is never more than a recapitulation of the experiences of the past and of its consequences. Not because of a certain theory does one have new experiences of the struggle, but new experiences that arise from the struggle give birth to new theory. This is a continuous process.
273. Spartacus
     Resource Type: Book
     
274. Spontaneitat und Organisation
     Resource Type: Book
     
275. The State in Revolutionary Periods
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1985
     The subject of the present discussion is "state in revolutionary periods." Under this heading we are going to deal with an aspect of the Marxist theory of the state, or, in other words, the methodology of Marxism in dealing with the phenomenon of the state -- an issue often overshadowed by stereotyped statements about the state, and therefore neglected.
276. The State and Revolution 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1917
     Lenin on the Marxist view of the state and revolution.
277. States of Change
     A Central European Diary, Autumn 1989
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1990
     A first hand and day to day account of Jones' travels through the GDR, Cxechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland in 1989.
278. Storming Heaven
     1968 Revisted
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2008
     The eruptions of 1968 challenged the power structures north and south, east and west. Countries in each continent were infected with the desire for change. Hope reigned supreme.
     
279. Strike! 
     The True History of Mass Insurgence from 1877 to the Present
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1972   Published: 1997
     A history-from-below that brings to light strikes as authentic revolutionary movements against the establishments of state, capital, and trade unionism.
280. SWP History: 1960-1988
     Resource Type: Website
     A website devoted to reviews and discussions related to Barry sheppart's two-volume history of the American Socialists Workers' Party (SWP).
281. Theses On The Fight Of The Working Class Against Capitalism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1947
     Extension of the strike to ever larger masses, the only tactics appropriate to wrench concessions from capital, is fundamentally opposed to the Trade Union tactics to restrict the fight and to put an end to it as soon as possible. Such wild strikes in the present times are the only real class fights of the workers against capital. Here they assert their freedom, themselves choosing and directing their actions, not directed by other powers for other interests.
282. Theses on the Fundamental Tasks of the Communist International
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1920
     Adopted at the Second Congress of the Communist International, August 1920.
     
283. They Showed the Way to Labor Emancipation
     On Karl Marx and the 75th Anniversary of the Paris Commune
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1946
     Marx drew a great theoretical conclusions from the experience of the Commune. He showed that the capitalist army, the capitalist state, the capitalist bureaucracy, cannot be seized by the revolutionary proletariat and used for its own purposes. It had to be smashed completely and a new state organized, based upon the organization of the working class.
     
284. Toward a New Beginning - On Another Road
     The Alternative to the Micro-Sect
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1970
     To Marx, any organization was a sect if it set up any special set of view (including Marx's views) as its organizational boundary; if it made this special set of views the determinant of its organizational form.
     Neither Marx nor Engels ever formed or wanted to form a Marxist group of any kind - that is, a membership group based on an exclusively Marxist program. All of their organizational activity was pointed along a different road.
     
285. Toward a Revolutionary Socialist Party
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2002
     Duncan Hallas, a now-retired leading member of the Socialist Workers' Party (Britain), wrote this article at the beginning of the 1970s with an eye toward a layer of radicalizing workers and student activists. Many in this period were attracted to revolutionary alternatives, but were wary of left organizations because of the betrayals of both social-democracy and Stalinism.
286. The Transitional Program: The Death Agony of Capitalism and the Tasks of the Fourth International
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1938
     Leon Trotsky's program for the founding of the Fourth International.
     
287. The Two Main Trends in Anarchism
     Alternate Tendencies of Anarchism
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2009
     The broad anarchist tradition of class struggle anarchism overlaps with libertarian interpretations of Marx.
288. The Two Souls of Socialism 
     Socialism from Above vs. Socialism from Below
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1960   Published: 1970
     It was Marx who finally brought the two ideas of socialism and democracy together, because he developed a theory which made the synthesis possible for the first time. The heart of the theory is this proposition: that there is a social majority which has the interest and motivation to change the system, and that the aim of socialism can be the education and mobilization of this mass-majority. This is the exploited class, the working class, from which comes the eventual motive-force of revolution. Hence, a socialism-from-below is possible, on the basis of a theory that sees the revolutionary potentialities in the broad masses, even if they seem backward at a given time and place. Marxism came into being in self-conscious struggle against the advocates of the Educational Dictatorship, the Savior-Dictators, the revolutionary elitists, the communist authoritarians, as well as the philanthropic dogooders and bourgeois liberals.
289. Uncovering the Sixties
     Life and Times of the Undergound Press
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1985
     A book about the Sixties and how they were recorded by radical participants. It traces how movements and communities convinced that their news did not fit into the agenda of mainstream media covered themselves in print.
290. Unions Against Revolution
     Resource Type: Book
     Inactive/Defunct Periodical
     Unions -- as well as employers -- stand in the way of workers' political freedom. Labour militants who become union leaders enforce industrial discipline just as Lenin and Stalin advocated. In the pamphlet's second essay, John Zerzan documents "The Revolt Against Work."
291. The Unknown Dimension 
     European Marxism Since Lenin
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1972
     The radical intellectual tradition of European post-Leninist Marxism, so different from the dogma of the orthodox leftist parties, is an unknowwn dimension. This anthology sets out to recover this Marxist tradition and to restore the centrality of Marxist revolutionary thought and practice.
292. The Veritable Split in the International
     Public Circular of the Situationist International
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1972   Published: 1974
     What are called "situationist ideas" are nothing other than the first ideas of the period of reappearance of the modern revolutionary movement.
293. We Can Change the World 
     The Real Meaning Of Everyday Life
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1991
     Stratman draws on his experiences as a parent in the Boston school busing battle and later as Washington director of the National PTA, interviews with British coal miners and striking American meatpackers, and wide ranging research and historical analysis, to show that fundamental social change is possible. The key to changing the world he argues, lies in a different view of ordinary people.
294. Weatherman
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1971
     A history of the Weatherman organization.
295. What Does the Spartacus League Want?
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1918
     The proletarian revolution requires no terror for its aims; it hates and despises killing. It does not need these weapons because it does not combat individuals but institutions, because it does not enter the arena with naive illusions whose disappointment it would seek to revenge. It is not the desperate attempt of a minority to mold the world forcibly according to its ideal, but the action of the great massive millions of the people, destined to fulfill a historic mission and to transform historical necessity into reality.
     
296. What is Libertarian Socialism? 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1977
     Revolution is a collective process of self-liberation: people and societies are transformed through their struggles for freedom and for a better world.
297. What Is Missing From the World?
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1998
     The lack of a revolutionary alternative to capitalism has had a very negative effect on people's ability to organize a new movement for change. If there is no alternative to capitalism, then it seems we will forever have to give in to the companies' demands for jointness or pay cuts or two-tier systems and all the other claims made in the name of "competitiveness." With no alternative to capitalism, we cannot oppose its logic.
298. What the Left Should be Learning From Iran 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2009
     There are those on the left who mirror neocon thought: They argue that since Washington is in opposition to it, Iran must therefore be considered a 'good' government, worthy of solidarity. Others argue that if the Iranian state offers social programs and even if it only somewhat resists global capitalism then therefore its violent and authoritarian actions can somehow be justified, forgiven or denied.
299. What Will It Take To Win?
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2005
     Our current strategy engages people in an arena - history and events in Palestine/Israel - far from their direct experience. We are the experts on a topic they know little about. We ask people to learn from us about something far away, and to take some local action (like voting for divestment) to express their agreement with us about it. There is a limit to how many people will be interested in doing this. A revolutionary strategy, in contrast, engages people in the arena which they know a lot about, and into which they have tremendous insights from direct personal experience.
300. Who Advocates Spontaneity? 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1973
     The working class can come to understand its power to act only by acting.
     
301. Why environmentalists must support workers' struggles 
     Global Capitalism is the Real Enemy
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2013
     This is to specifically address class struggle as it relates to the ecological crisis. It will not address all the other (many!) reasons that working class struggle must be waged and supported.
302. Why I am a Marxist 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1935
     For the Marxist, there is no such thing as 'Marxism' in general any more than there is a 'democracy' in general, a 'dictatorship' in general or a 'state' in general. There is only a bourgeois state, a proletarian dictatorship or a fascist dictatorship, etc. And even these exist only at determinate stages of historical development, with corresponding historical characteristics, mainly economic, but conditioned also in part by geographical, traditional, and other factors. With the deferent levels of historical development, with the different environments of geographical distribution, with the well-known differences of creed and tendency among the various Marxist schools, there exist, both nationally and internationally, very different theoretical systems and practical movements which go by the name of Marxism.
303. Why Marx Was Right 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 2011
     Eagleton takes common objections to Marxism and demonstrates how and why they are wrong.
304. Why Past Revolutionary Movements Have Failed 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1940
     The working class is going into this war burdened with the capitalistic tradition of Party leadership and the phantom tradition of a revolution of the Russian kind.
305. Why the Leninists will lose
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1978
     The Leninist groups may still have the ability to disrupt the left, but they are long past the point of being able to achieve any kind of success in their own right.
306. Why the Working Class? 
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2016
     Workers are at the heart of the capitalist system. And that's why they are at the centre of socialist politics.
307. Why We Can Change the World
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 2000
     Many good people support the "diversity" concept, because they see it as a way of building unity and respect for each other across cultural divides. But diversity is about "celebrating and respecting our differences." Despite many people's best intentions, it's not really about finding what we have in common, but about focusing on differences as if these supposed differences are what define us as human beings. Diversity as a framework, as a way of thinking about each other, will always stand in the way of the goal that most of us share, of multi-racial, multi-ethnic unity. Diversity in fact is no different from the basic capitalist view that society consists of various groups competing for their own interests. Such a view does not present any threat to capitalism or to inequality but reinforces it.
308. Why we need the Fourth Communist Workers' International
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1921
     The language as well as the composition of the Third International can no longer be distinguished from that of Social Democracy. No longer will it set aside any manifestoes as opportunist; the call to participation in the reconstruction of Capitalism resounds ever more clearly as the official Moscow policy.
309. Worker-Student Action Committees France May '68 
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1969
     An account of the May-June 1968 events in Paris. The authors state that "our intention is not to 'clarify' the sequence of events which took place in France in order to make possible a ritual repetition of these events, but rather to contrast the limited views we had of the events at the time we were engaged in them, with the views we have gained from further action in different contexts."
310. Workers Opposition
     Solidarity London Pamphlet
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1921   Published: 1968
     Published in Soviet Russia in January 1921 and banned in March 1921.
311. The World Revolution
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1923
     Russia is now a horrible picture with its revolutionary double nature. It lies there like a huge wreck on the shore, broken up by its revolution. There was a moment when a small lifeboat was sent out to save Soviet Russia. That boat was the KAPD, the best and largest part of the Spartacus Bund, with its new and really revolutionary policy for the world revolution. But Russia with its Bolshevik Government despised the KAPD and declined its help.
312. World Revolution 1917-1936
     The Rise and Fall of the Communist International
     Resource Type: Book
     First Published: 1937
     No major economic or political development in Russia, and few of the minor ones, can be understood, except in relation to the strength of the revolutionary movement in Western Europe, so long dominated by the Third International.
     
313. World Revolution and Communist Tactics
     Resource Type: Article
     First Published: 1920
     World war and rapid economic collapse now make revolution objectively necessary before the masses have grasped communism intellectually: and this contradiction is at the root of the contradictions, hesitations and setbacks which make the revolution a long and painful process.
314. Writings on the Paris Commune 
     Resource Type: Book
     Hal Draper's compilation of all the writings by Marx and Engels on the Paris Commune of 1871, when a working-class-led revolution took power and established a new type of state for the first time in the history of the world - temporarily, in one city.

Experts on Politiques R‚volutionnaires in the Sources Directory

1. Center for Socialist History
2. Marxists Internet Archive