1. Age of Extremes 
   The Short Twentieth Century 1914 - 1991
   Resource Type: Book
   First Published: 1994   Published: 1997
   A overview of the history of the years 1914 - 1991.
2. Canadian Information Sharing Service
   Volume 2, Number 4 - November 1977
   Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
   First Published: 1977
   
3. Connexions Library: Europe Focus
   Resource Type: Website
   First Published: 2009
   Selected articles, books, websites and other resources on Europe.
4. Embassy Row Online
   Resource Type: Website
   Contact names and numbers for all embassies to Canada and all Canadian embassies abroad.
5. Forty years after the portuguese Carnation Revolution
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 2014
   On the eve of April 25, 1974, Portuguese society was smouldering from contradictions accumulated in half a century of dictatorship. At the heart of these contradictions was a war that lasted thirteen years, to hold on to the African colonies of Angola, Mozambique, Guinea, Cape Verde and Sao Tome and Principe. This conflict conditioned the whole of national life, because of the social suffering caused by the mobilization of two hundred thousand men, a tenth of the working population (a human cost equivalent to twice that of Vietnam), because of the wave of migration driven by hunger and the war, and because of the impossibility of a military solution, the only one contemplated by the regime.
6. 40 years ago: the grandeur and the limits of the Portuguese Revolution
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 2014
   The Portuguese Revolution plunged its roots in the crisis of the Salazar regime. A fascist dictatorship based on a reactionary ideology which would serve as inspiration for the Vichy regime, the Estado novo (“New State”) presents original features in comparison with the fascist regimes of Mussolini and Hitler, features that help to explain both its longevity and its weakness at the moment of its crisis in the early 1970s.
7. Fragmented Power: Portugal in Revolution, 1974-1975
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 2018
   In Portugal the underground Armed Forces Movement's long-planned coup d'etat to bring down the Estado Novo regime was a success; however it was relatively short-lived despite the modest intentions of its organizers. This article takes a look at the popular initiatives that brought Portugal to the brink of a socialist revolution and why it failed.
8. From mobilisation to resistance: Portugal's struggle against austerity
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 2013
   Portugal has been subjected to increasingly harsh austerity policies that have led the country into a recession of historic proportions, the result being mass impoverishment.
9. From Portugal to Egypt: a Cautionary Tale
   The Anti-Empire Report
   Resource Type: Article
   First Published: 2011
   The events in Egypt cannot help but remind me of Portugal. Here, there, and everywhere, now and before, the United States of America, as always, is petrified of anything genuinely progressive or socialist, or even too democratic, for that carries the danger of allowing god-knows what kind of non-America-believer taking office.
10. Open Veins of Latin America 
    Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1971   Published: 1973
    A political economy, a social and cultural narrative, and a powerful description of primitive capital accumulation.
11. Overthrowing other people's governments: The Master List 
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2013
    Instances of the United States overthrowing, or attempting to overthrow, a foreign government since the Second World War.
12. The Politics of Urban Liberation
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1978
    A broad-ranging study which covers the political economy of the urban question and the importance of the city in the history of social revolution. Schechter's evaluation of libertarian insurgency highlights the importance of movements from below dealing with housing, transportation and other issues of daily life.
13. Portugal
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1976
    The revolutionary process in Portugal is not one that lends itself very easily to a coherent political analysis. Political leadership is quickly thrown up by the creative energy of the workers and peasants and as quickly discarded as its usefulness to them wears thin.
14. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution (review)
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1977
    Book offers a clear analysis of events in Portugal 1974-1975.
15. Portugal: The Impossible Revolution?
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1977
    The story of what happened in Portugal between April 25, 1974 and November 25, 1975, as seen and felt by a deeply committed participant.
16. Portuguese Workers vs. Austerity
    Against The Current vol. 158
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 2012
    The General Strike of March 22, 2012 was the second called by the Portuguese trade unions since the IMF/European Commission/European Central Bank (“Troika”) intervened a year ago to impose austerity measures that almost forced the country to its knees. This is the third strike since the financial crisis took hold.
17. Radical America - Volume 9, Number 6 - November-December 1975
    Revolution in Portugal
    Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
    First Published: 1975
    Articles on the Portuguese revolution of 1975.
18. The Red Menace 
    A libertarian socialist newsletter
    Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
    First Published: 1975   Published: 1980
    Articles on topics such as socialism, Marxism, anarchism, work, popular education, organizing, wages for housework, Leninism, bureaucracy, hierarchy, jargon, prostitution, obscenity, science fiction, and terrorism.
    
19. Red Menace #1
    Volume 1, Number 1 - February 1976
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1976
    The first issue of The Red Menace, a libertarian socialist newsletter.
20. Red Menace #2
    Volume 2, Number 1 - Summer 1977
    Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
    First Published: 1977
    A Libertarian Socialist Newsletter
21. Review of the Press: Portugal 1974
    Resource Type: Article
    First Published: 1974
    The subtext of mainstream media coverage of social upheavals in post-fascist Portugal is that a return to dictatorship is necessary and inevitable to preserve the social order.
22. The Slave Trade
    The Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade 1440 - 1870
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1997
    A comprehensive history of the Atlantic slave trade in which approximiately eleven million black slaves were carried from Africa to the Americas to work on plantations, in mines, or as servants in houses.
    
23. The Socialist Register 1973
    Volume 10: A Survey of Movements & Ideas
    Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
    First Published: 1973
    
24. Stolen Continents
    The "New World" Through Indian Eyes
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1992
    A history of the Americas through Native eyes.
25. Ubu Saved From Drowning
    Class Struggle and Statist Containment in Portugal and Spain, 1974-1977
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 2000
    The end of the Salazar and Franco regimes on the Iberian peninsula was, in fact, a key moment in the beginning of a period in which literally dozens of dictatorships disappeared, a period in which the soft cop took over from the tough cop, and democracy, world-wide, sold austerity.

Experts on Portugal in the Sources Directory

1. Community of Portuguese-speaking Countries
2. European Union
3. International Centre for Migration Policy Development
4. NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
5. United Nations