Ask Yourself...
Do You Really Want More Censorship?
Women need open and safe communication about sexual matters, including
the power relation of sex. We don’t need new forms of guilt parading
under the banner of political correctness, We need a safe, legal
working environment for sex workers, not repressive laws or an atmosphere
of social stigma that empowers police and punters to brutalize them.
We need sexually explicit material produced by and for women, freed
from the control of right wingers and misogynists, whether they
sit on the board of directors or the board of censors. We need an
analysis of violence that empowers women and protects them at the
same time. We need a feminism willing to tackle issues of class
and race and to deal with the variety of oppressions in the world,
not to reduce all oppression to pornography.
Who defines pornography?
Much commercially available pornography is racist and misogynist.
In a racist, misogynist society this is no surprise. It is possible
to criticize specific pieces of pornography without being in favour
of increasing the State’s power to suppress pornography itself and
without regarding sexually explicit material as bad in itself.
Even those who agree that sexually explicit material should be suppressed
find it impossible to agree on what should go. The traditional pro–censorship
lobby would destroy lesbian and gay material in the name of Family.
They seek to suppress safer sex information on the grounds that
it encourages homosexuality. They have done everything in their
power to prevent distribution of information about birth control
and abortion; they consider this to be pornography as well. There
is also sincere disagreement among anti–pornography feminists. Some
argue that nudity alone is pornographic, other that the problem
is violent pornography alone. With this much disagreement even among
feminists, who can you trust? Do you think the government will appoint
feminists as censor?
Instead of striking a blow against women’s oppression, censorship
give the patriarchy additional ammunition. It is inconsistent to
oppose clause 28 one year and support censorship the next.
Pornography, a red herring?
In the words of the Campaign Against Pornography (CAP), “Pornography...
violates woman’s rights to safety and equality, encourages and legitimates
the abuse of women and children, sexually and emotionally, and involves
the abused exploitation of women and children in its production.”
Strong stuff, but women’s oppression in society is more complex
than this.
Let’s talk about real violence against women, not just images. Violence
has multiple causes, one of which may be a high consumption of violent
images. Studies are inconclusive. Most suggest that violent images
have no impact and that it makes no different whether the images
are sexually explicit. Yet it is precisely the comparatively rare
combination of violent and sexually explicit images in pornography
that anti–pornography feminists see as being at the root of women
oppression in society. Why are they ignoring the fundamental causes
of cultural and social oppression? Their single–minded focus on
pornography has distracted attention from the more effective feminist
responses to violence and oppression: for example women’s refuges,
self–defence initiatives, alternative media, campaigns for better
transport and better sex education and attempts to make women economically
independent.
Is pornography really the problem? Is its suppression really going
to change women’s low economic status? Will it remove the real violence
which sustains unequal power? Many anti–pornography feminists are
so concerned with pornography that they are ignoring the damage
done to women by cuts in the NHS, the increase in racist attacks,
assaults on lesbian and gay men, the promotion by the government
of an ideology which reduces the Family and the erosion of women’s
rights throughout the world.
Censorship is dangerous
Anti–pornography feminists’ solution to male violence is a dangerous
new departure. The belief that there are direct causal links between
pornography and violence has led groups like CAP to advocate authoritarian
measures. These include censorship, euphemistically referred to
as ‘legislation against pornography.’ The danger allegedly posed
by pornography is said to justify increasing the power of the State
and trusting it not to abuse that power.
Experiences in Canada and the US show how wrong–headed this is.
Even the most carefully formulated feminist anti–pornography legislation
will be first supported and then distorted by the conservatives.
The Minneapolis ordinance, a collaboration between Radical Feminists,
the religious Right and local anti–vice crusaders was thrown out
by a superior court because it constituted an infringement of civil
liberties. In Canada shipments to gay bookstores are routinely seized
at the border and publications often appear with pages blanked out.
In Britain alternative bookshops have spent thousands in the last
few years fighting customs seizures, an example of existing laws
being used repressively. Outlawing obscenity will not significantly
affect large–scale commercial pornography which knows no borders.
It will have a potentially devastating effect on small, alternative
lesbian and gay and women’s publications. It will also mean an end
to porn industry workers’ attempts to improve conditions, since
illegality and stigma form the worst possible basis for organizing.
Suddenly the feminist movement that once fought for freedom and
sexual self–determination is advocating giving power over our lives
to judges and the police; suddenly what it says about our freedom
and our sexual desires sounds like the ravings of the Right. Suddenly
feminism is about censorship rather than opening possibilities.
There is a place for sexually explicit material in our lives. We
need a feminism and a society which respects sexual variety and
sexual choice.
Don’t support censorship under any guise.
This article appeared in The Connexion
Digest #54, February 1992.
Feminists Against Censorship has been formed for the purpose
of fighting censorship whether advocated by the right or by feminist
groups. They can be reached at Panther House, 38 Mount Pleasant,
London WC1X OAF, England.
(CX4352)
See also:
Women
and Censorship -
Pornography, its impact on women and arguments for and against
censorship. (CX5056).
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